Which quality tests are commonly performed on boiler water?

The choice that includes pH, conductivity, hardness, and alkalinity tests is the most accurate representation of the common quality tests performed on boiler water. Each of these parameters provides crucial information about water chemistry and the operational efficiency of a boiler system.

pH testing measures the acidity or alkalinity of the water, which is vital because an unfavorable pH can lead to corrosion of the boiler components. Conductivity testing helps assess the concentration of ions or impurities in the water; high conductivity indicates higher levels of dissolved solids, which can affect boiler performance. Hardness testing evaluates the level of calcium and magnesium, which can cause scale buildup on heat transfer surfaces, reducing efficiency and potentially forming hot spots. Alkalinity testing is also essential, as it helps in assessing the buffering capacity of the water, which can prevent sudden changes in pH and mitigate the risks of corrosion and scaling.

The other options either focus on a limited number of parameters or include tests that are not typically emphasized for assessing boiler water quality. For example, only including pH and hardness may overlook the importance of conductivity and alkalinity. Similarly, tests for temperature and pressure, while important for boiler operation, do not provide a comprehensive evaluation of water quality. Color and odor tests, though they