What happens if caustic water is allowed to accumulate in a boiler's welded joints?

When caustic water accumulates in a boiler's welded joints, it can lead to caustic embrittlement. This occurs because caustic agents (such as sodium hydroxide) can penetrate the material and significantly weaken the metal, especially at the welded areas. The high pH environment created by caustic water can cause a stress corrosion cracking phenomenon, which compromises the structural integrity of the boiler.

Caustic embrittlement is particularly dangerous because it may not be visible during regular inspections until significant damage has occurred. Thus, maintaining proper water chemistry and preventing the accumulation of caustic compounds is crucial for ensuring the longevity and safe operation of boilers. High efficiency, reduced maintenance, and improved water circulation would not result from the presence of caustic water; in fact, these aspects would be negatively impacted by the compromised integrity of the boiler materials.