What commonly occurs if the air supply in a boiler is insufficient?

Insufficient air supply in a boiler leads to incomplete combustion of the fuel used. For combustion to occur efficiently, a specific ratio of air must mix with the fuel; when that ratio is disturbed due to a lack of air, not all of the fuel combusts. This incomplete combustion results in unburned carbon and other byproducts remaining within the combustion process.

Moreover, when combustion is incomplete, it can create a range of operational issues, including lower energy output, increased production of carbon monoxide, and higher emissions of particulate matter and other pollutants. This not only affects the efficiency of the boiler but can also lead to safety concerns and increased maintenance needs. Hence, recognizing the significance of an adequate air supply is crucial for optimal boiler performance and safety.