How does scaling affect the operation of a high-pressure boiler?

Scaling in a high-pressure boiler refers to the accumulation of mineral deposits on the heat exchange surfaces, which can significantly impact the boiler's performance. When scaling occurs, it creates an insulating barrier on the boiler's heating surfaces. This barrier impedes the transfer of heat from the combustion gases to the water or steam inside the boiler.

As a result, additional energy is required to achieve the desired temperature and pressure, leading to reduced heat transfer efficiency. The boiler may consume more fuel and operate at lower efficiency levels, which can cause overheating and even potential damage to components that are not designed to handle such conditions. Additionally, reduced efficiency can lead to increased operational costs, as more fuel is spent to compensate for the loss of heat transfer capability.

In contrast, other options do not accurately reflect the impact of scaling. For example, enhancing heat transfer efficiency would be contrary to the effects of scaling, as would the assertion that it increases water capacity or eliminates the need for maintenance. Regular maintenance is critical for boiler operation to ensure that scaling and other issues are managed effectively and do not compromise overall performance.